美國哈佛醫學院Dan H. Barouch小組發現，獼猴感染猴痘病毒后可防止再次感染痘病毒。該研究于2023年9月20日在線發表于國際一流學術期刊《細胞》。
研究人員通過靜脈注射、皮內注射和直腸內注射等途徑讓18只獼猴感染了猴痘病毒，并觀察到這三種感染途徑都產生了強大的抗體和T細胞反應。靜脈注射和皮內感染后觀察到大量皮膚損傷和高血漿病毒載量。皮損在感染后第10天達到高峰，在第28天消退。第28天，研究人員再次用猴痘病毒感染所有康復動物和3只未感染的動物。所有康復的動物都能抵御再次感染。轉錄組研究顯示，在再次感染后，先天和炎癥反應上調，膠原形成和細胞外基質組織下調，T細胞和漿細胞反應迅速激活。這些數據揭示了猴痘病毒致病和免疫的關鍵機制。這種獼猴模型將有助于評估猴痘病毒疫苗和療法。
據介紹，2022-2023年爆發的猴痘病毒在全球范圍內迅速蔓延，感染者為與男性發生性行為的男性。
附：英文原文
Title: Mpox infection protects against re-challenge in rhesus macaques
Author: Malika Aid, Michaela Sciacca, Katherine McMahan, David Hope, Jinyan Liu, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Olivia Powers, Julia Barrett, Cindy Wu, Audrey Mutoni, Tetyana Murdza, Hannah Richter, Jason Velasco, Elyse Teow, Mona Boursiquot, Anthony Cook, Tatyana Orekov, Melissa Hamilton, Laurent Pessaint, Alaina Ryan, Tammy Hayes, Amanda J. Martinot, Michael S. Seaman, Mark G. Lewis, Hanne Andersen, Dan H. Barouch
Issue&Volume: 2023-09-20
Abstract: The mpox outbreak of 2022–2023 involved rapid global spread in men who have sex with men. We infected 18 rhesus macaques with mpox by the intravenous, intradermal, and intrarectal routes and observed robust antibody and T cell responses following all three routes of infection. Numerous skin lesions and high plasma viral loads were observed following intravenous and intradermal infection. Skin lesions peaked on day 10 and resolved by day 28 following infection. On day 28, we re-challenged all convalescent and 3 naive animals with mpox. All convalescent animals were protected against re-challenge. Transcriptomic studies showed upregulation of innate and inflammatory responses and downregulation of collagen formation and extracellular matrix organization following challenge, as well as rapid activation of T cell and plasma cell responses following re-challenge. These data suggest key mechanistic insights into mpox pathogenesis and immunity. This macaque model should prove useful for evaluating mpox vaccines and therapeutics.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.08.023
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00911-X
期刊信息
Cell：《細胞》，創刊于1974年。隸屬于細胞出版社，最新IF：66.85
官方網址：https://www.cell.com/
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